Waiting To Be Signed · interviews on generative art, on-chain
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Interview // MAY 2023

Seth Goldstein

Title: Peak Bright Moments
Role: Generative artist
Platform: Bright Moments
Duration: 1h 10m
Hosts: Will & Trinity
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#032 · Peak Bright Moments
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1h 10m
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Will: All right, hello and welcome everyone to another episode of Waiting to Be Signed, a special interview episode. We're joined today by Seth from Bright Moments. Of course, Trinity is here as well. How's it going, everyone?

Seth Goldstein: Hi, Will and Trinity.

Trinity: Hello.

Will: Seth, you're out in Japan. Very exciting. How was your flight?

Seth Goldstein: Good. Christie and I got here Tuesday, I think — we left LA on Monday. Now it's Friday morning here, which is Thursday evening for you on the East Coast, right?

Trinity: Yes, you are in our future.

Seth Goldstein: How is the future unevenly distributed?

Will: Should we be buying Bitcoin, selling Bitcoin? What should we be doing right now, Seth?

Seth Goldstein: Wasn't that how a lot of this got started years back — the informational asymmetries between Asia and the States, and particularly Korea, opened up all these Bitcoin and crypto trading arbitrage strategies?

Will: That's how FTX supposedly got started, right? Sam Bankman-Fried was arbitraging between Asian markets and the US.

Seth Goldstein: If the question is why are generative art floor prices so low right now, just blame it on that.

Will: I love that.

Seth Goldstein: We're done. The episode's over. We concluded.

Will: Perfect. I mean, that actually sounds like a good place to say, of course, none of this is financial advice.

Trinity: That part is. You might go to jail, but it's also financial advice.

Will: Again, we're joined by Seth today from Bright Moments. Let's start with the usual question: tell us about yourself. What's your background in art, and how'd you come to crypto and NFTs? We're both curious about your background in traditional art, because not many people in this space come from that angle — usually they come from coding or technology.

Seth Goldstein: I don't want to disappoint you, but I wouldn't call it a traditional art background. I grew up really interested in theater — I was a child actor, then went to a performing arts high school in Michigan called Interlochen. Coming out of high school I wanted to be in New York — I'd grown up in Boston, spent my senior year in Michigan — so I went to Columbia for undergrad and studied dramatic literature and comparative literature. I helped organize the Columbia Players, the campus theater group, and just embraced the avant-garde theater scene of late-'80s New York City. I was really inspired by a theater and opera director named Robert Wilson, who's still around and famously did Einstein on the Beach in 1976 with Philip Glass.

I became his archivist after college and went deep into his work from the '60s and '70s, and got very involved with that whole era of the New York avant-garde — Merce Cunningham, John Cage, Robert Mapplethorpe, Jasper Johns, Rauschenberg, the Wooster Group, Bread and Puppet Theater, all these different forms of performance art. I got into technology because I started thinking about how to archive his work in a way that was time-based rather than static — how do you represent a creative process instead of just showing paintings and drawings? That required something nonlinear. The internet hadn't really emerged commercially yet — no World Wide Web, except maybe in research labs in the early '90s — so the only medium available was CD-ROM multimedia technology. This was '93, '94. I remember working on a project to bring one of Wilson's late-'60s pieces, The Life and Times of Joseph Stalin, to life using interactive media — a precursor to the web, and to all of digital media, digital art, crypto art, etc.

That took me to Germany, where I went deeper down the rabbit hole of documenting performance with multimedia. Eventually it felt less like a dead end and more like there just wasn't the same appetite in the United States for this intersection of art and technology that we see today — I had to go all the way to Germany to work on it. Then the web happened in '95 and I shifted into more of a tech entrepreneur mindset, starting an early web advertising company called Site Specific. From '95 up through Bright Moments — twenty-five, thirty years — I've really been focused on building companies that use technology in interesting, creative ways.

That started in Web 1.0, and then I went to work for Union Square Ventures and the investor Fred Wilson, who's remained an important mentor and friend and a big supporter of Bright Moments — that was 1999 through 2006, call it Web 2.0. I moved from New York to California, started an investment research company called Majestic Research that used internet data to figure out how public companies were trading based on data that hadn't been available before the internet. I also worked on a music technology startup called Turntable.fm that a lot of people remember fondly, though online music is a genuinely difficult business.

Then a few years ago the blockchain started to come into being — after Bitcoin, around 2014, 2015, I got curious for the first time about smart contracts and Ethereum. There were no NFTs yet; it wasn't really an artistic medium because it was so hard to put any data on chain. It wasn't visual — much more conceptual, much more back office. Around 2016, 2017, living in San Francisco, having been to Burning Man a few times, I got exposed more to that crypto-inspired lifestyle. I had an idea to start a community center in North Beach, San Francisco called Node — a space for people in the crypto and Ethereum community to network and learn from each other. Then the ICO bubble burst, which made that harder to execute.

I've always been creative in different ways — I was painting a lot, and I opened a painting studio in San Francisco's Fisherman's Wharf called Water Studios, partly just to forget how much of a struggle it was being a startup entrepreneur. So all the seeds were there, I guess. Christie and I moved to Venice Beach in the middle of 2020 — during the pandemic. I'm 52, so this is a long story when you ask someone my age for their background, I apologize.

At the time I was working on a privacy company called Spartacus, trying to give people tools to scrub their profile and presence online, protect their privacy. I'd raised some money for that, and then the pandemic hit. I remember a moment realizing we were buying ads on Facebook to promote a service that let people erase themselves from Facebook and social media — bizarrely nonsensical. By the end of 2020 I'd given up on startups, given up on that venture-capital-driven capitalism.

Living in Venice Beach, I started taking a lot of photographs of the waves at sunset, and playing with Runway ML, turning these images into GANs and synthetic videos — pre-post-photography, I guess. Around that time I'd also gotten into NBA Top Shot, collecting moments — which hints at one of the inspirations for the name Bright Moments. I was checking out Top Shot, learning about Foundation and Super Rare. There was obviously huge demand from people in the pandemic to collect and trade things online — with GameStop and what was happening in retail investing, everything was primed for this moment. I felt it in February 2021: something started to happen with NFTs. There'd been a brief moment in 2017 with CryptoKitties and CryptoPunks, but it didn't really cross the chasm into mainstream adoption — though the seeds were there. Then it happened again in early 2021, and there's an adage in technology that things don't happen twice with a new technology unless they're going to happen three, four, five times. So this was the second pattern: okay, NFTs are back, this is an interesting emerging file format.

The lightbulb moment for me was when one of the videos I'd posted on Foundation sold as an NFT. It blew my mind — instead of printing photos and dropshipping them via Shopify, trying to sell photographs online, I could sell an image permissionlessly, anybody could. I had ETH in my wallet, and my first collector, Rudy Adler, had an NFT of mine in his wallet. I remember waking up the next morning and things felt different. I got really excited about NFTs and this unlock for artists, and started digging in more — that was really the precursor to Bright Moments.

Trinity: That's an amazing story — that through-thread of being on the cutting edge of the latest technology as it's coming out, seeing what's possible, and this interest in new applications of technology and what it allows us to do. Crypto, web3, blockchain — that's one of the two or three big technologies at the forefront right now, along with generative AI, and mixed reality, which used to be a big deal the last couple of years but I think we've moved past, thankfully. It really is the culmination of blockchain plus, as you said, this COVID-era space that enabled all of these things to come together. So what was the creation of Bright Moments like, now that you could reach this culmination of all these different pieces?

Seth Goldstein: I think the formative bit was February, March 2021. I don't know if there's a cultural term for where we all were, but it was kind of like NFT spring. There was a lot of sudden hope -- Ethereum had been dormant for a while and suddenly went from $1,300 to maybe $2,000 over a few months. All these artists started to release work on platforms like Super Rare and, in particular, Foundation, which is what I was focused on. My wife is a painter, and we took some of her paintings and turned them into a GAN, and she released an NFT that sold to a collector. We're both artists -- we'd moved to Venice Beach to pursue art -- and it felt like something just unlocked creatively. What would it be like if we made an NFT gallery? What if you took these new assets we were seeing floating around, being created and sold online, and built an offline experience for them? That was March or April of 2021.

The name was inspired by Rahsaan Roland Kirk, the blind jazz saxophonist -- he played flute too, in the '70s. He had a famous album called Bright Moments, and combined with NBA Top Shot calling its collectibles "moments," it gave me a name that felt positive and uplifting and dynamic without being overtly technical or nerdy.

There were so many creative people living in and around Venice Beach who were trapped at home during the pandemic -- a lot of pent-up creative frustration. Meanwhile, I was watching all this activity bubble up around NFTs and digital collectibles, and I thought: how do you combine these two? Venice, of all places, was open, because it opened onto the beach -- people could go out and breathe, which wasn't the case in a lot of other communities and cities around the world. So we opened a gallery. We hung a couple of screens, steps away from the boardwalk, under the Venice sign on Venice Beach. That was the idea.

It so happened that the first artist we reached out to was Jeff Davis -- an amazing minimalist abstract digital artist, also a generative artist, and one of the early partners and chief creative officer of Art Blocks. You've got to be smart to be lucky, but we were definitely lucky to work with Jeff for our first show, and that tipped us beyond just NFTs and specifically into generative art. I hadn't really focused on or known much about generative art before that. I was a fan of conceptual art -- I love Sol LeWitt, Joseph Kosuth, Lawrence Weiner -- but I didn't think about art history in the context of generative art until I got red-pilled into Art Blocks through Jeff.

That leads into how we got started with CryptoVenetians and CryptoCitizens. We were preparing for Jeff's opening in the middle of June 2021. Venice Beach is a weird place, full of tourists and foot traffic, and we wondered: what do we do during the daytime to bring people to the gallery we'd just put down, at something like $10,000 a month in rent? It'd be great to bring people in the evening once a week for shows, but how do we keep the gallery busy during the day?

CryptoVenetians — Bright Moments

The idea was to give away NFTs to people who showed up live, onboard them into Ethereum wallets, help them download MetaMask, teach them how to write down their seed phrase -- so they'd be ready when they came back to the art show in the evening to maybe buy something. It was a pragmatic, entrepreneurial marketing technique to drive foot traffic. As we thought about what kind of NFTs to make, we landed on CryptoVenetians, modeled after CryptoPunks -- characters with attributes drawn from the Venice Beach community. Since we were working with Jeff to prepare for his show, he said, "You could do these on Art Blocks. They could be generative."

I said, "What do you mean?" He explained we could live mint these and reveal them on the spot -- people would send a token into the smart contract, and it would generate a unique one-of-one in real time. Lo and behold, in a few weeks we put the project together. We were the 95th project on Art Blocks -- they're all numbered.

I'll never forget that late June, giving away these NFTs to people who showed up off the street because we had a sandwich board outside that said something like "NFT minting in progress" or "Come mint your CryptoVenetians for free." People would come in, we'd open up a wallet for them since most didn't have one, they'd walk to the back of the gallery, choose their walkout song, and walk out -- and voilà, we'd reveal their CryptoVenetian. Somehow that butterfly wing led to me being in Tokyo right now, about to put on this show.

CryptoVenetians — Bright Moments

That was the germ of it: seeing that very human experience of people minting generative art in real life. There was a real sense of wonder -- people were excited, partly because they'd been home for so long that they'd be excited about doing almost anything with other people. I think we really tapped into that. We brought two worlds together: all the online collecting and online degeneracy happening during the pandemic, the need for those identity tribes to form, and at the same time, people who were tired of being stuck inside and wanted to go out and experience things. Our timing was perfect.

Trinity: It sounds like an amazing real, live human experience -- something brands can't pay enough to get. There's something you tapped into and made happen, especially with the music, the experience, the unveiling. I'm curious about the types of people who walked in. If you'd asked me about NFTs at some point in summer 2021, I'd have said, "What's that?" Was the crowd that came in self-selecting, or just curious passersby? What was the audience?

Seth Goldstein: It started super local -- surfers, skateboarders, stoners, friends of ours from in and around the Venice Beach community. We had to convince them to come and get these NFTs, because there was no financial context yet, and we were worried about gas fees -- okay, we're giving these away for free, but will somebody pay $20 or $30 in gas to mint one? That was the first couple of weeks.

Then a couple of things changed. We had no idea of the global appetite Art Blocks had already built among collectors for its generative art drops. Every Art Blocks project before ours let people simply buy a token and mint a piece of generative art, whether they were in Switzerland or Singapore. Then, at the end of June or July, these Art Blocks fans started seeing these weird CryptoVenetian characters show up in their feed, and they thought, "I want one of these -- I have a Fidenza, I have a Ringer, I have every other Art Blocks project." Then they realized they couldn't buy one directly on Art Blocks -- they'd actually have to show up at this weird gallery in Venice Beach. A lot of them couldn't travel, so they looked on OpenSea, and I'm sure some of the surfers and skateboarders figured out how to list their CryptoVenetians there.

Fidenza — Tyler Hobbs

I'll never forget: one sold for $300 -- 0.2 ETH, or 0.1 ETH, whatever it was at the time. It just shocked us. Wait a minute, what's happening here? It was like watching market structure form from the inside of the belly of the beast -- seeing this weird market take shape where there was real demand. Particularly overseas. There was supply from these crypto mules who were minting NFTs and then selling them to people thousands of miles away to pay for their rent — it was bizarre, a bit like Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory. Then I remember Bob Iger, who was CEO of Disney at the time, showed up one day through a friend of a friend and minted a CryptoVenetian. All hell broke loose, it got super hypey, we had a 2,000-person waiting list, and more and more artists and collectors were flying in to mint their CryptoVenetians because it was a cool project.

At the end of that summer, we got heisted. One of our original DAO members emptied out the contract and minted all the remaining 300 CryptoVenetians out of the 1,000 we were going to mint. Long story short, it became a really interesting story — really authentic, because we were just a bunch of crazy people running a circus in Venice Beach. Christie's daughter Amicia was working there, along with my sons Jacob and Charlie, and Phil and Liam, and Gary, and a whole cast of characters who'd met at the coffee shop and ended up in the middle of all this. It was fast and furious and fun.

We thought, what if we made 1,000 Crypto New Yorkers and went to New York in the fall? That's when the roadmap opened up: let's do 1,000 crypto citizens in ten different cities to get to ten thousand. We didn't consider ourselves a fine art gallery — we weren't coming out of traditional art, we didn't have any of that in mind. We were more like a bat out of hell, thinking, somehow this is working, we're bringing a lot of joy to people, and we're really enjoying it. We weren't a company, we hadn't raised startup money — we were this new kind of thing called a DAO, all participants governing it together with tokens.

That's when the mint pass concept emerged, very pragmatically, because we'd given away all the CryptoVenetians for free — we never sold them. But there was so much interest that we said: what if we mint 1,000 CryptoNewYorkers and sell mint passes for 200 of them in advance to pay for us to go, like, Muppets Take Manhattan? We rent a gallery, put on shows. Sure enough, we listed 200 mint passes — I think we called them golden tokens at the time — and sold them for 2 ETH each. ETH was close to $3,000, so that was more than a million dollars. We went to Manhattan, rented a gallery on Wooster Street, subletted apartments for a few months, and pretty much all of us headed to New York.

CryptoVenetians — Bright Moments

Good things started happening just because we were genuinely enjoying what we were doing, and we were so dedicated to this craft of IRL minting and revealing NFTs on big screens that other artists started to take notice. People like Aaron Penne and Tyler Hobbs came to us and said, I've got a project I think would work really well in a live setting. That's what led to Rituals with Aaron Penne and Beretta when we were in Venice, and it's what led to Incomplete Control with Tyler Hobbs in December of 2021. Before we knew it, these crypto citizens we were minting became like a passport to other forms of generative art we were exhibiting for third-party artists, not just ourselves. That became our model.

When we moved from New York to Berlin last April, we minted 1,000 Berliners, working with ten different artists, one each night, each minting their own collection of 100 NFTs live IRL. That's what we've carried from Berlin to London to Mexico City, and now, in the biggest way yet, here in Tokyo.

Will: Seth, I have about a million follow-ups. Just to start with a statement: I love your story. The arc of being someone who was young in New York, interested in archiving art, and following that through into NFTs feels like such a logical extension — taking art forms that can't be traditionally preserved and finding a way to preserve them, in this case on the blockchain. It feels like an obvious fit, living the life of an early adopter, constantly embracing new technology instead of pushing it aside. The battle for acceptance is a constant challenge in the NFT art space right now. Part of me wants to ask whether you've ever tried to cross over into the traditional art world more formally, and part of me wants to dig into the DAO side — crypto citizens, what's the plan. Where do you want to start?

Seth Goldstein: Let's start with the through line, because I'm so close to it that it's hard to see, but I think you're right — there's a line from trying to archive art that's unarchivable to helping artists put their art on-chain. I hadn't really thought of it in those terms before. We'll probably get to this later, but there's a huge, wonderful struggle happening around AI right now too. Jumping to the endpoint: AI art is the sharp tip of the spear of crypto art and NFT art. How do we — and who is going to — ensure that this explosion of generative AI art becomes future-proof the same way Fidenza is future-proof, or Meridian, or Zancan's work, for that matter? There's a way of looking at all this through archiving and preservation that I think is really important — it's something Artnome is thinking a lot about too, just preserving NFTs that could go away, which people don't realize is a risk.

Fidenza — Tyler Hobbs

The other thing you touched on: for creative people, there are times we're comfortable and times we're uncomfortable. I found my fit as an entrepreneur and creative professional in this world of generative on-chain art and bringing it into real life. The 30 years before that, I always felt a bit out of place, because traditional structures separated the art world from the technology world. What's so liberating right now, regardless of supply-demand dynamics or whether Ethereum and Tezos are up or down, is that there's a real symmetry between art and technology — they know they need each other. The most successful artistic projects have figured out how to become self-sustainable by doing smart things with tokens, and the most successful technology platforms and products are proving they need to be genuinely creator-friendly.

Trinity: What are some examples of art projects using tokenization successfully? This speaks to the corporatization of the art space too, which isn't a bad thing — it's always been necessary, just expressing itself in new ways. I assume you mean something different from a typical PFP roadmap project?

Seth Goldstein: Right. I'd point to what Tyler Hobbs has done across a number of his projects on Art Blocks, especially QQL. QQL isn't a company, and it's not just a piece of art either — it's not quite a platform, but it has aspects of all three. There's a very sophisticated set of dynamics aligned through the tokens — those 1,000 QQL mint passes, a couple hundred of which have been minted into QQL NFTs — that pulled together a lot of different constituencies: parametric artists and collectors alike. Pace, on the traditional side, has been helping showcase his work; Artmatr helped print the QQLs Tyler chose into 4-by-5-foot paintings; and Bright Moments was even involved a couple weeks ago in New York, helping people live-mint their QQL seeds. There's a lot to unpack, but to me that's a genuinely successful tokenized art project — more artistic than most startups, and more successful than most art projects.

QQL — Dandelion Wist Mane & Tyler Hobbs

Trinity: It's the culmination of both.

Will: What's fascinating is that with the Pace QQL push, the pieces that included physicals — where the seeds were curated by notable generative artists like Mapan and Claire Silver — actually sold under the floor of a typical QQL NFT. Even though it's a great example of a traditional gallery embracing NFTs and converting digital pieces into a physical medium, how do you square that?

Seth Goldstein: I think we're just early, and it's hard to communicate all this across traditional and crypto collectors. Whoever bought the William Mapan–curated output for 4 ETH is a hero — that could be an essential piece long-term. These are complicated stories to tell, and I take my hat off to Ariel and the others at Pace for pushing the envelope. I'm less concerned about outliers like that.

Something I find really interesting — we touched on it before we started recording — is that I asked you how long it took you to mint your Charcoal Seed from Zancan, and you said you waited until 36 hours before the cutoff, but you did it on a call with somebody, together.

Will: Yes, correct.

Seth Goldstein: That touches on something I think is great about QQL, and about what Zancan just did with fx(hash), and honestly what we do at Bright Moments generally: combining the purely online, tokenized, transactional world with real-world social dynamics and pressure. I had a QQL mint pass I was holding onto because it never expired, and there's no — what's it called, the Harbinger tax —

QQL — Dandelion Wist Mane & Tyler Hobbs

Trinity: Harbinger tax.

Seth Goldstein: Harbinger tax, sorry, I was close. QQLs don't have that, so one issue is there's no incentive to mint — why not just sit on the optionality of the pass? It becomes too speculative. But when Pace puts on a show, and at a certain time in New York, Tyler is available to sit with you as a collector and go through your seeds, help you choose, and then you reveal those choices together with other collectors at the Pace Gallery in Chelsea one evening — that's a really interesting example, similar to the social context you felt minting the Charcoal Seed. We need these real-world experiences and physical frictions to make crypto more successful, make NFTs more successful, and make generative art more useful, memorable, and meaningful. It's not a choice between physical or digital — they're starting to resonate and reinforce each other in really interesting ways.

Trinity: Sitting with Tyler Hobbs in person to mint your QQL seed obviously isn't a scalable event, putting my business strategy hat on, but something like what fx(hash) is doing with fx(params) is. It helps when there's that social pressure, or social camaraderie, to really drive it forward. But ultimately what you're pointing to is interactivity. A lot of what we've seen in generative art has just been: click the mint button, get a random output. It's very dopamine-heavy in its execution, but you don't have agency within that. Adding agency, some kind of interactive experience — like going to an in-person Bright Moments event to mint your pass — that's what makes it feel human.

QQL — Dandelion Wist Mane & Tyler Hobbs

Seth Goldstein: There's probably a lot of attachment theory work to be done around this. Of all your fx(hash) mints, if you had to choose one or three to hold onto — if you had to let go of everything else on a desert island — what would they be? It's not necessarily the one worth the most based on current floor price. It's the one most meaningful to you. That might be purely economic, but it might also be about where you were in your life, how quickly you found out about it, how well-known the artist was when you minted it. There's a whole bunch of factors in how you value something, and value it as part of your identity — partly economic, but also emotional and social. What's your story, and what's your own roadmap as a collector and as a person?

I think what my project is, and what we're trying to do as a team at Bright Moments, is externalize that. And "scale" is a triggering word for me, because when someone says "it doesn't scale," I think of traditional asshole capitalism, where the only thing that matters is scale. I lived in the Bay Area for fifteen years, from 2006 to 2020, and I had a front-row seat at Groupon and Uber, where it was all about scale at any cost, led by socially awkward kids who were typically running these companies — a lot of them were just assholes, but they knew how to scale things. I want to get away from that.

Trinity: That sense of the word "scale" — there are different ways to think about it. Scaling from a business sense is one thing, and one I also prefer to shy away from. But there's also the scaling of a human experience. There's an exclusivity to it: if I'm the weird, awkward kid who doesn't run a very successful business, I might not have the ability to have the experience of engaging with Tyler Hobbs directly. So what are some ways to make something feel special to more people? That's the version of scaling I'm thinking about — how do we spread the excitement, not necessarily growth at any cost, but making it available to those who want to engage.

Seth Goldstein: Inclusive and participatory. I think the trick is creating experiences that are inclusive and participatory, but also valuable — valuable in terms of scarcity, because a lot of what drives value in crypto is programmatic scarcity. If you woke up tomorrow and, back to Tyler Hobbs, suddenly there were 1,001 Fidenzas instead of just 1,000, the value would plummet. Or if there were suddenly more than 21 million Bitcoin, or more than 10,000 CryptoPunks. We hold these things dear as stores of value in a world where we don't trust the news, we don't trust governments, and inflation is rampant. So how do we balance the need for certainty and provable scarcity with not wanting to be so exclusive, so elite, and giving people the opportunity to get involved at the ground floor?

Fidenza — Tyler Hobbs

Will: I want to tackle this scale question from a different angle — something we've been observing on the show recently, and I think a lot of people in the NFT and gen art ecosystem have noticed too. Coming off the boom of 2021 and early 2022, a lot of people got the idea to start a platform — they saw the success of Art Blocks, fx(hash), Bright Moments, and a few of the other early DAOs in the art mix at the time. Now in 2023, so many new things have opened up: many chains, many platforms, artists all over the place. So we're seeing scale in the sense that there are all these new platforms for artists to drop on, but we're not seeing scale on the collector side. An fx(hash) artist I love is now dropping here, there, and everywhere, but I'm still just one person — there aren't four more of me being created. As someone who's been in the space a long time, involved in crypto, and who owns a platform, how have you observed this last eighteen months of rapid expansion, now heading into a bear market with all these new platforms coming online? What's your take on the vibe of the ecosystem now, its sustainability, and where things are going?

Seth Goldstein: Big question, not a simple answer. It's a weird, scary time, because there's more and more supply and I don't think any of us know what to do with it. Be careful what you wish for — all we wanted was more art, and guess what, we have a lot of art. We've empowered artists to work across multiple platforms and chains, producing more and more of it. As the tools for artists have expanded, and the platforms, services, galleries, and experiences have opened up, it's — at least in the States — kind of gone the other way: it's getting harder and harder for new collectors to collect. The crypto crackdown is real. There's a lot of FUD, a lot of snarkiness, and it's going in the wrong direction.

It's refreshing to be here in Tokyo, and in Asia generally, because there's a willingness and excitement around Web3 — you can say the word "NFT" in Tokyo and people get excited and curious, as opposed to cynical, which is the case in LA or New York these days. I think there are opportunities globally, and Bright Moments is kind of programmed for that — every few months we go to a different city.

We go to cities that are at the beginning of their adoption of this new format, this new kind of ownership culture around NFTs and generative and AI art specifically. I don't want you to think I'm avoiding your question — I'll come to it through our own experiences. Going to Berlin last April was really powerful. Then London, where the market's fairly mature — a ton of collectors — and that's when I got introduced to fx(hash). I'd heard about it in Berlin, but got deep into the community in London, thanks to Proof of People and everything going on there last summer, and met a lot of Tezos and fx(hash) artists I hadn't met before. Mexico was really interesting in November, educationally, doing generative art workshops. Tokyo feels like a ton of hope and optimism and interest from potential collectors, without the supply dynamics we're seeing in the States. In October we're going to Buenos Aires, which will be equally fascinating.

Circling back to whether there are too many platforms — it's another "be careful what you wish for" dynamic. In the old days, artists were told by gallerists how often they could release and what they could release; it was a very gallery-friendly, institution-friendly balance. Now the scales have tipped and the artists are in control. You can release on fx(hash) one day and Art Blocks Engine the next, do something on Verse, something on Tonic, something with Bright Moments, something with Proof, something with LACMA. There are more and more opportunities, particularly for a generative artist, to get your work out there. But collectors get overwhelmed with supply, and it's hard for some artists to know when to stop and make themselves scarce.

Bright Moments' role is to give artists opportunities to showcase their work publicly and create really meaningful emotional experiences. But after that, it's on you — we don't have an ongoing contractual relationship the way a typical gallery might. So it's challenging right now. Some artists are more private and precious with their output than others. Some are coding and showing their work daily but not minting it. Others are minting on every platform they find.

Fidenza — Tyler Hobbs

Trinity: We're also seeing, within Web3, the proliferation of new artists entering the community. One of the big benefits of Web3 is that your audience is no longer local — although having that locality, like with what you're doing at Bright Moments, is super special. But you're also opening yourself to a global audience who want to purchase your art, sell it, print it out, put it on their walls, whatever. Because of the financialization in this space, at least as it exists now, there are people producing art who would never have produced art before. One person who's grown tremendously as an artist, from their first release on fx(hash) through to their Bright Moments drop, is Nat Sarkissian. He's not someone who's been producing digital art since '93 or '94. It's an interesting dichotomy — seasoned professionals who've been doing this for decades alongside people who've been doing it for months or years.

Seth Goldstein: Those are some really powerful, positive outcomes of all this — seeing Nat in particular be seen. I'd seen some of his work on fx(hash), and then Adam from TENDER helped curate part of the gallery when we did Piter Pasma's Industrial Devolution drop last September. Nat's work looks so beautiful printed out. He was there, and we talked about doing something together in the future on Art Blocks. He came to Mexico in November, experienced the workshops, saw the live minting, and then we worked with him on his show this past February.

Trinity: That's one of the first ones I paid a lot of attention to, because Nat is a homegrown fx(hash) artist, and Will and I are both fx(hash) natives, for what it's worth. I think that was a huge moment for him too — being there, seeing things in person. It's almost like a birthday and a brand-new job all in one, a celebratory event.

Seth Goldstein: A lot of these artists — Emilie Xie is another — really came of age during the pandemic, when they were locked in. Coming out of that, if you're growing as an artist and your work keeps getting better and collectors appreciate it in so many different ways, why wouldn't you want a show in New York, London, or Venice Beach? It's a culmination, not a distraction. It seems so natural. And yet none of the online platforms have really been set up to give you your first physical show, or your second. The flip side is that a lot of traditional physical galleries and institutions don't know how to go crypto-native, don't know how to do the on-chain stuff we do around tokenomics and mint passes to make sure the artist gets paid properly.

Will: I want to talk about Japan, and about the future of Bright Moments — there are still a few cities left on your roadmap, and I want to get into that. But first: you mentioned Tezos' Industrial Devolution with Piter Pasma. More recently we had Klein Tepech from Andreas Rau, and just last week Reflejos from Juan. How do you think about Tezos versus Ethereum? Are you chain-agnostic? Does it mean anything different to Bright Moments when a piece goes on Tezos versus Ethereum, or is it just art first, chain second?

Industrial Devolution — Piter Pasma

Seth Goldstein: It depends on the moment, it depends on the artist — we've gone both ways. With Nat, for example, he was really well known in the Tezos and fx(hash) community, and we did an Art Blocks drop. We did the same with Jacek on Cantera last month. What's interesting about Juan RG and Reflejos is that when we worked with him in Mexico it was an Art Blocks drop, and now we just did an fx(hash) drop with him in Mexico. Last week or the week before, here in Japan—there's a couple of artists that are amazing Tez artists, like Okaz and Exotic, who did—

Trinity: Flower Arrangement?

Seth Goldstein: Flower Arrangement. And the other one, the sci-fi one.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Trinity: Travelers.

Seth Goldstein: Travelers, right. He's going to be doing his first ETH Art Blocks drop next week in Tokyo, in collaboration with Suntory. It's a long-form generative drop, 100 outputs—beautiful generative woodblock paintings of fireworks, etched onto the outside of a box holding a bottle of Suntory whiskey that you'll get after you mint his piece. You'll also get a small pour from one of the leading bartenders, flown in from Hong Kong, poured from this ancient bottle of whiskey while you're revealing your NFT for the first time. That'll be on ETH and Art Blocks.

So I'm not chain-agnostic, because I think there are different situations for different artists at different times. I have so much respect for the fx(hash) team and community—it's why I'm here with you, and I love it. It's a really powerful soul and creative force within this community. But there are also a lot of challenges with Tez as a chain in the minds of larger investors and collectors, and a lot of FUD around its long-term sustainability. I don't buy into it entirely, but it is a thing. At least we're past the environmental stuff now that it's at parity with ETH, but there's a different debate going.

I think fx(hash) is going to matter for a very long time, hopefully forever. I think Art Blocks will matter forever because of how committed they are to doing everything on-chain. Those are the two platforms we're mostly tapped into, and that we organize ourselves around within Bright Moments. We have our own contracts for certain projects too, but most of our stuff we try to push toward being fully on-chain generative work.

Trinity: Why is that important to you? Obviously it's the on-chain-ness of it all, but is there anything specific you'd call out? This comes up a lot in conversation—the discrepancies not necessarily between the platforms, but within the ideologies, since we know fx(hash) is going to have on-chain solutions at some point in the hopefully near future.

Seth Goldstein: Then there's the elephant in the room: AI. How do we move AI on-chain, and what parts of it move on-chain and what don't? How do these models live? Can we recreate the works in the future without access to the models on-chain?

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: There's a great fx article on this exact problem—that even the most on-chain projects are not as future-proofed as you might think. I think it's going to be a perennial issue regardless of whether you use IPFS or reference outside libraries.

Seth Goldstein: I think it's a way for people to sleep at night—some of that going on is just emotional or mental insurance. But at the same time, William Mapan did Strands of Solitude on Tonic, and that's not particularly on-chain, but he's an amazing artist. It's hard not to want to collect all of his work.

Will: If you can't achieve your work on-chain, does that mean your work's not valid? I think that's a huge question, and I don't think we're going to answer it in the next couple of years, potentially.

Seth Goldstein: It's very near and dear to us here in Tokyo. We have four collections here. We have 1,000 CryptoTokyoites that we'll be minting May 5th through 8th. The artist is Chan Chan, our pixel artist and creative director at Bright Moments, who's done all our Crypto Citizen collections from the get-go. As with each collection, there are four different backgrounds, so we'll mint 250 per background, representing the four seasons.

Then we have the Tokyo Collection: 11 generative artists, all fully on-chain on Art Blocks, including quibibi—his first ETH Art Blocks drop—Takuo, Kim Asendorf, Jeff Davis, Licia He, Kjetil Golid, Lars Wander, and Melissa Wiederrecht, who I know you had on the podcast before. An amazing lineup, all fully on-chain. That'll be in a historic shrine called the Asakura Residence, about ten minutes from Digital Garage, where we'll be minting the CryptoTokyoites.

We'll also be exhibiting the AI collection: 11 AI artists, and 11 Japanese contemporary artists, including Okaz, Exotic, Ei Mashiro, and Daito Manabe, among others.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

The AI artists are a really interesting test case for this on-chain/off-chain dynamic—does it matter, does it not matter? On one end of the spectrum you have Helena Sarin, who is 100% curating her outputs. She's not leaving it to chance. She's using models she's trained for years, and they're not going to move on-chain—they're not going to fit on-chain, and there's no issue with that. On the other extreme you have Pindar Van Arman, who's writing his own smart contract to make sure his GANs are fully on-chain, because that's what he wants to do. Then there's Claire Silver, Sofia Crespo, and others somewhere in between.

Will: The whole Tokyo event sounds amazing. This episode is going to drop right at the start of Bright Moments Tokyo. To someone who's never participated but has observed from afar, this sounds like the biggest Bright Moments event by a big step. From an artist standpoint, what's it like to coordinate something this size? Is there a lot of inbound artist interest, or does Bright Moments reach out—"hey, we're doing Tokyo, it's nine months from now, we'd love for you to be included"? Art on a timeline is a very difficult thing to achieve—we see that on the fx(hash) side and elsewhere, art is hard to put on a deadline. Yet Bright Moments seems to achieve it pretty consistently. What's that process like? And then let's talk about where Bright Moments is going for City 8, 9, and 10.

Seth Goldstein: A lot can go wrong in the next week—I'm knocking on a lot of wood. At the scale of 30-plus artists, the likelihood is that two or three will be down to the wire, high drama, missing the deadline. That's just life, and we try to be prepared for it.

For the AI artists and generative artists in the Tokyo Collection, we sold mint passes two months ahead to get them paid. We give 70% of all proceeds to the artist after platform fees—so if Art Blocks takes 10%, we split 70-30 with the artist on the rest. Selling those mint passes in advance, as well as selling our own CryptoCitizens—we sell a third of the thousand for each city to fund that city—those sales, which we made in February, let us secure space and produce Tokyo in May.

It's a lot to coordinate. We have people like Malta and Fed on our team who work with artists as curators and artist relations, and Samir, known as Spongenuity—one of the artists in the Tokyo Collection—has also been corralling all the AI artists to get their work up on testnet and then mainnet in time for next week.

Trinity: Logistics aside, this is probably one of the most ambitious Bright Moments events to date, both experientially and in terms of the artist lineup, which is just absurdly amazing. What was the thinking behind bringing this group together?

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Seth Goldstein: It's absurd. I'll go back before Mexico. We didn't know it was going to be Tokyo, because we vote as a DAO—everyone holding a CryptoCitizen gets a vote. There will be 7,000 after Tokyo; 6,000 have been minted so far. Everyone votes on the next city. For this vote, the choices were Tokyo, Singapore, Seoul, Bangkok, and Hanoi. Buenos Aires won the vote before that, over Sydney, Melbourne, Rio, and São Paulo.

We didn't know for certain it would be Tokyo, but I had a hunch. So last fall, the artists who really resonated with me—artists we hadn't worked with before that I felt were really important to reach out to—were Zancan, quibibi, and Kjetil Golid, all on the generative side. Kjetil had come through London last summer and minted a Crypto Londoner—I think that got the wheels turning. Zancan also came through London and minted a Crypto Londoner while he was there for Proof of People. He had that experience of sitting in a boutique in Mayfair, across from the Browns Hotel, having a cup of tea while we minted him his Crypto Londoner with on-chain generative music—compressing a beautiful experience into a couple of seconds.

Net-net, we really try to make sure artists have live minting experiences viscerally—not just reading about it or watching a video, but actually feeling it. It gives them ideas of what they could do with their work that might be different than if it were purely online, even though the work itself ends up online.

We try to work with new artists each city, so the Tokyo Collection artists are unique—we haven't worked with them before, just like the London Collection artists, like Matt DesLauriers or Emilie or Thomas Lin Pedersen—they were only in one city collection. The only artist who breaks that mold is Jeff Davis, because he did our first show in Venice Beach, and he's done a project in every single city we've gone to, including Tokyo.

On the AI side—this was fascinating—we had a strong hunch we should do something with AI more systematically. We'd done a project with Ivona Tau, and one with Botto in Berlin working through AI outputs. We thought: we're going to be in Tokyo, the city of the future, so it seemed natural to do something at a bigger scale alongside the generative artists in the Tokyo Collection. Why not invite a group of artists to be part of an AI collection? We reached out to our wishlist—the greatest living AI artists we could think of—and invited them to Tokyo. By and large, they all said yes, which kind of shocked us. That's really how it happened. There are other artists, like Gene Kogan, Memo Akten, and Robbie Barrat, I'd love to have involved—I just didn't invite them because we already had 11 who said yes first.

Will: We've interviewed Ivona for the show too, so listeners should go back and check that episode out—she's released some great projects on fx(hash). But Seth, I'm curious about the future of Bright Moments. You've mentioned a couple times now that presales of CryptoCitizens or mint passes are key to setting up these events worldwide. The roadmap says there will only be 10,000 CryptoCitizens total—so that's City 8, 9, and 10 coming up, concluding sometime Q1 or Q2 next year. What's the longer-term roadmap for Bright Moments? Once all the CryptoCitizens are minted, is it going to be fully DAO-controlled by these 10,000 holders? What will fundraising look like—entirely mint-pass driven? How's it going to work?

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Seth Goldstein: All good questions. What we know is Tokyo's next, Buenos Aires will be October—we voted on it. City 9 will be February, and it'll be a wildcard: 8,000 citizens will vote on where we should go next. It could be a write-in ballot. Up until now we've arranged the choices geographically, but for the ninth city, I could imagine it being Paris, Lisbon, Sydney, or Istanbul.

Will: Jersey City.

Seth Goldstein: Could be Jersey City, Tallahassee, Tucson — I don't know. But that'll be city number nine. City ten, we just announced: Venice, Italy. We're going to finish the CryptoCitizens minting for 2024 — which is a palindrome — at the beginning of the Biennale in Venice, Italy next April, so the journey will be from Venice to Venice, from Venice Beach to Venice, Italy. That'll be the culmination of this phase of the project. We're going to try to restage as many of the exhibitions from the past three years as possible and invite all the artists who've been with us along the journey to come be there for the grand finale retrospective. It's going to be an amazing narrative and an amazing experience — seeing how this strange band of misfits from Venice Beach emerged and evolved and grew communities as we went.

To your point about what comes beyond that: there's a couple of things we're doing now in preparation for this progressive decentralization. Every city we activate, we establish a subDAO that has its own local signers and its own treasury. They have access to the brand and the software we've developed for minting and displaying NFTs, IRL, and the communities we've built so far. There's a subDAO in New York, one in Venice, one in Mexico, London, Berlin, and Tokyo now.

The idea is that after the tenth city, after minting is complete with the CryptoCitizens, there'll be ten independent subDAOs that all have access to the same shared network of services and the brand, and that will be encouraged to keep doing things like artist residencies. Maybe an annual experience — we don't know entirely yet. But if we execute Tokyo and the next couple of cities, and keep leaning into connecting artists with each other and with collectors, and doing workshops, I think we'll be in a really good place next April when we mint Crypto Venetian number 999 — and have a moment to look back over three years and figure out what's next.

Trinity: It's beautiful, and the end of an era, so to speak. It'll be interesting to see what comes next — not from a subDAO or DAO perspective, but from a Seth perspective and a Bright Moments perspective.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: What is Seth's role in all of this when all 10,000 CryptoCitizens are done? Did you build this entire platform just to step back and give it to the people? That's such an unusual path for a startup.

Seth Goldstein: It's hard to say this in a world where we're so used to pretending we're going to do things forever. To raise capital traditionally, you have to say you're going to do it forever, even though in the back of your mind you know you'll only be judged successful if you exit. What's liberating about what we're doing is that it's an art project — it's designed for completion. That doesn't mean there won't be value that accrues to CryptoCitizen holders in the future, because there will be. It's not because we're some traditional Web2 company with Series C funding dressed up in web3 clothes. All we are is a bunch of CryptoCitizen tokens — that's the only mechanism we have to govern what we do. There's no other equity, no board of directors. In that regard, it is an art project, and it is going to come to an end, and that's okay.

Because these NFTs are forever. They don't go away — they can still be collected, traded, bought, sold. My hope is that they'll tell a story, that they'll mean something to a lot of people in and around the generative art space. And there's no reason the communities we formed along the way can't continue to make art together, because in the end that's all we're doing — every single ETH and every single Tez that comes into our system is somehow used to produce more art. That's a beautiful thing, a way of thinking about all of this as art. If we can navigate the supply-demand dynamics of this world, through all the FUD and FOMO cycles, I think we'll have something everybody who's been part of it will feel proud of and want to keep seeing grow, even if it's not through a traditional startup or company lens.

Will: What you described sounds, to some degree, very much like a podcast to me.

Trinity: I was going to say a TV show.

Will: A project with no defined ending. You have no idea where it's going to go or who's going to care about it. That mirrors our experience doing this show for the last — what, sixteen, seventeen months now.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Trinity: But we'll keep putting out episodes and episodes and episodes.

Will: It'll never end.

Trinity: No doubt. It's kind of like a TV show in that there's an end of the series, but that doesn't mean the show ends — it lives on in the hearts of the people. There's time to move on to new things while still being fond of the memories that were created, and continuing to build content and new communities around what was already there. It's very poignant, and I love it.

Will: Thank you.

Trinity: It's so antithetical to the proto-capitalistic structure we see ourselves living in. We've already mentioned startup culture — I love it.

Seth Goldstein: Thank you. I know you couldn't come to Tokyo, but maybe Buenos Aires or Jersey City along the way — I'll be there.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: Jersey City, I'm writing it in. You said there's going to be a write-in — I'm writing it in for city nine.

Seth Goldstein: Two votes for Hoboken.

Will: I can think of some great beer gardens with a lot of space out here. Jersey City is full of space. Seth, I know you've been with us for a while now. Rapid-fire question to end-cap this and drive us toward a conclusion — one we like to ask a lot of our guests: who would you like to hear us interview next? Artists, platform owners, anyone.

Seth Goldstein: Matt DeLaurier is wonderful, thoughtful, pretty extraordinary. The conversations I've had with DefBeef — these are great minds who I think would be really interesting to your audience. I would love to get closer to Manolo, understand the way he thinks and where he is in his life and journey — I think a lot of us would. He's pretty hard to access. Have you had Marcelo and Iskra on? That would also be fascinating.

Trinity: We had Marcelo on with Andreas Rau to talk about Takata.

Seth Goldstein: I got the chance to interview the two of them on stage in Mexico — really wonderful, just the way that as partners they explore each other's struggle through their work. James Higgo is amazing, so well-versed across both fx(hash) and the AI and Art Blocks ecosystems. Derek Edwards does the podcast with Proof with Kevin — he's probably the smartest counsel I have access to strategically for Bright Moments. They're big contributors in our community of CryptoCitizens, and he really helped us through this roadmap with his partner Stephen McKeon. He's obviously way more versed in the Art Blocks ETH ecosystem, since he was one of the first investors in Art Blocks, but I think it'd be a good perspective for the fx(hash) community to understand where things stand on that side of the equation. Those are the ones off the top of my mind.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: A lot of people who haven't dropped on fx(hash), so it gives us an excuse to reach out to them and try to get them to notice us. It's a big goal of ours for 2023 and beyond — to engage with the broader generative art ecosystem, because it's clear not everyone's going to come to Tezos, even though we'd like them to.

Seth Goldstein: But I think fx(hash) will come to ETH in all sorts of different ways. To me, what you're doing and the conversations you're having are way bigger than Tez. They're really important conversations with artists who are thinking about generative art in the most fundamental ways. I really appreciate all the conversations you've had, all the time I've spent listening to the podcast, and the respect people have in the industry for what you're doing. Happy and proud to be part of this — anything I can do to help.

Will: Thank you, Seth. That means a lot, and we really appreciate it. We love the space. We love what's going on.

Trinity: We're at the point where we can no longer call ourselves an fx(hash) podcast. I think we're now a generative art podcast.

Will: Anything else, Seth, before we depart? You've given us a ton of your time — really grateful for that. Anything you want to leave us with?

Seth Goldstein: Only that for anybody interested in Bright Moments Tokyo — it's open for anybody. It doesn't mean you're necessarily going to mint something, since you need a mint pass for that or have to buy an NFT. But if there are listeners in and around Tokyo, Friday, May 5th through Wednesday, May 10th, we're at Digital Garage. Come to brightmoments.io for information on how to show up — we'll have general admission tickets. We're having a final show at an amazing nightclub in Shibuya called Womb on Wednesday, May 10th, where all 4,000+ NFTs that have been generated will be shown over the course of one night, VJ'd by Beretta and Daito Manabe and an amazing group of DJs — it'll be spectacular. Above all, if anybody's interested and not sure if they can come: the answer is yes, please come, please check it out, because we're not going to do this again. I think this will be peak Bright Moments, and I'm really excited for it.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: And the Venice location, like Venice Beach — you have a place in New York too, right? Are there other galleries people can drop by whenever they feel like it?

Seth Goldstein: Every Thursday night we have a meetup in the different locations — meetups every Thursday in every location. Some have a permanent location, like Venice Beach; others are more pop-up based, but they're pretty easy to find. We also do artists in residence every month, so we're able to live-mint that month's artist in residence, in person, at the meetup. Camille Roux was a great artist in residence. Last month we did Fingacode; back last summer, Junior. There have been some really great emerging artists who've come through this program — and in the case of Junior and Camille, they're both fx(hash) artists as well.

Will: All right, Seth, thank you so much. This has been an amazing episode. We really appreciate you taking the time, especially considering the time difference and the fact that you have a big event next week. Really a pleasure to talk to you — hope you enjoyed your time on the show.

Seth Goldstein: Thanks for having me. This was great.

Will: We're very foreign to ETH — just starting to dip our toes into it in 2023 — but talking to you, hearing your whole story, broadens our perspective on generative art in general, across all chains. We really appreciate it, and we hope everyone listening does too.

Seth Goldstein: One thing we didn't mention — just an aside — I was thinking earlier about the chain comparison thing, how for so long Tez was seen as somehow inferior to ETH. But the more ETH has gotten caught up in all these DeFi scandals, I wonder if there's a tarnish to it, where you can point to Tez and say, look, the only use case here is art. Maybe that's a good thing, because it hasn't gotten ruined through all the financial charades the way ETH has.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Trinity: That's what I love about it — it's a very secure chain just from the lack of shenanigans. Thinking back to the story you told from the very beginning of Bright Moments, getting people to walk in off the boardwalk and mint a semi-free NFT minus gas fees, and thinking about the transaction costs on Tezos — when we were at NFT NYC last week, all of the free mints were on Tezos, presumably because it's so easy to transact. That's a different type of utility that makes me believe in the scalability of the platform overall.

Seth Goldstein: I agree.

Will: I'm very tempted to ask you some more questions about the Philip Glass days. We can save that for another episode, maybe.

Seth Goldstein: Another time.

Will: I'm sure you've got some great stories from back in that era.

Seth Goldstein: That was the highlight for me at Berlin — we staged this 15-minute NFT that was a reconstruction of Einstein on the Beach, the piece Bob Wilson and Philip Glass created together in Berlin. Every night we showed this NFT on a huge screen — this light orb moving to Philip Glass's music — in front of 1,500 people, and it really blew people's minds.

Flower Arrangement — Ykxotkx

Will: Thank you again, Seth. Thank you, Trinity, for recording as always. I hope everyone enjoyed this episode — it was really a pleasure to talk to Seth. Check out Bright Moments Tokyo, and look out for more events coming in the future. We'll be back again with another episode soon. Until then, bye everyone.

Change log

  • Initial transcript — auto-transcribed (AssemblyAI) and readability-edited.